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Our blog provides expert insights and updates on industrial equipment, focusing on products like valves, pumps, and heat exchangers. It aims to inform professionals in the field about the latest advancements and practical solutions in the industry.
 
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  • EN 13774 Valves for Gas Distribution Systems up to 16 bar
    EN 13774 Valves for Gas Distribution Systems up to 16 bar
    Posted in: Technical Standards Library, European EN Standards

    EN 13774 is the European standard specifying performance requirements for metallic isolating valves used in gas distribution systems with a maximum operating pressure of 16 bar. The standard applies to valves operating with fuel gases of the first, second and third family in accordance with EN 437 and provides additional requirements to relevant valve product standards.

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  • EN 13709 Steel Globe and Globe Stop-Check Valves
    EN 13709 Steel Globe and Globe Stop-Check Valves
    Posted in: Technical Standards Library, European EN Standards

    EN 13709 is the primary European standard covering steel globe valves and globe stop-check valves used in industrial process systems, steam networks, power generation facilities, chemical plants and petrochemical installations. The standard specifies requirements for design, materials, dimensions, testing and operational performance of wrought, cast or fabricated steel valves in straight, angle and oblique pattern configurations.

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  • EN 593 Butterfly Valves Standard
    EN 593 Butterfly Valves Standard
    Posted in: Technical Standards Library, European EN Standards

    EN 593 is the European standard specifying design, manufacturing, inspection, testing and performance requirements for industrial butterfly valves. The standard establishes common engineering requirements to ensure safe operation, pressure integrity and reliable performance in industrial piping systems. Butterfly valves manufactured according to EN 593 are widely used in water treatment plants, district heating networks, HVAC systems, power generation facilities, marine applications,...

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  • EN 1983 Steel Ball Valves Standard
    EN 1983 Steel Ball Valves Standard
    Posted in: Technical Standards Library, European EN Standards

    EN 1983 is the European standard that specifies the design, manufacturing, inspection, testing and performance requirements for industrial steel ball valves. The standard establishes requirements intended to ensure safe operation, pressure integrity and reliable shut-off performance in industrial piping systems. Steel ball valves manufactured according to EN 1983 are widely used in steam systems, power generation facilities, chemical plants, petrochemical installations, district heating...

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  • EN 1349 Industrial Process Control Valves
    EN 1349 Industrial Process Control Valves
    Posted in: Technical Standards Library, European EN Standards

    EN 1349 is the primary European standard for industrial process control valves. It specifies design, manufacturing, pressure-retaining, testing and performance requirements for valves used to control flow, pressure, temperature and level in industrial process systems.

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  • EN 12569 Industrial Valves Terminology Standard
    EN 12569 Industrial Valves Terminology Standard
    Posted in: Technical Standards Library, European EN Standards

    EN 12569 is the European standard that establishes standardized terminology for industrial valves. The objective of the standard is to provide a common technical language for manufacturers, engineers, inspectors, contractors, suppliers and end users involved in the specification, design, operation and maintenance of industrial valve systems.

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  • EN 12516 Industrial Valve Design Strength Standard
    EN 12516 Industrial Valve Design Strength Standard
    Posted in: Technical Standards Library, European EN Standards

    EN 12516 is the primary European standard governing the strength design of industrial valves. It defines pressure-temperature ratings, wall thickness calculations, allowable stresses and design requirements for valves operating under pressure.

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  • Water Hammer in Steam and Condensate Systems
    Water Hammer in Steam and Condensate Systems
    Posted in: Engineering guides

    Causes, Risk Points and Engineering Countermeasures Water hammer in steam and condensate systems is one of the most severe operating phenomena that can occur in industrial steam installations. It is not simply pipe noise. It is a mechanical impact load that can stress valves, flanges, steam traps, heat exchangers, supports, pipework and control instruments. In practice, most water hammer incidents in steam systems are related to condensate being present where controlled steam flow is...

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  • Steam Dryness Fraction in Steam Distribution Systems
    Steam Dryness Fraction in Steam Distribution Systems
    Posted in: Engineering guides

    Wet Steam, Enthalpy and Steam Separation Steam dryness fraction is used to describe the amount of dry saturated steam contained in a steam-water mixture. In real steam systems, water droplets may be present due to boiler carryover, heat losses in pipework, poor drainage or incorrect pipe sizing. For engineering purposes, steam dryness is not a theoretical parameter. It directly affects available thermal energy, heat transfer, steam trap operation, valve wear and the risk of water hammer.

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  • Flash Steam and Heat Recovery
    Flash Steam and Heat Recovery
    Posted in: Engineering guides

    Flash steam is generated when hot condensate at a higher pressure is released to a lower pressure. This typically occurs downstream of steam traps, pressure reduction points, condensate headers or return systems operating at a lower pressure than the steam-consuming equipment. In terms of thermodynamic properties, flash steam is not different from saturated steam. The term describes the way it is generated: it is not produced in the boiler, but results from pressure reduction of hot...

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  • Valve Materials and Elastomers
    Valve Materials and Elastomers
    Posted in: Engineering guides

    Valve material selection should not be based only on nominal pressure or valve size. Operating pressure, temperature, fluid compatibility, corrosion risk, mechanical loads, connection type, design standards and installation requirements must be evaluated together. The following tables provide indicative material equivalents according to EN, DIN, WNr and ASTM designations, together with typical temperature limits. These limits do not replace pressure-temperature ratings from applicable...

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  • Expansion of Pipes in Steam Systems
    Expansion of Pipes in Steam Systems
    Posted in: Engineering guides

    In steam and hot fluid systems, pipe length increases as temperature rises. Thermal expansion must be considered during system design in order to avoid high mechanical stresses, excessive loads on fixed points, pipe deformation and forces transmitted to valves, flanges, steam traps, heat exchangers and other equipment. Proper arrangement of pipe guides, supports, fixed points and expansion joints allows the pipework to move in a controlled manner and absorb the change in length caused by...

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  • Calculating Flash Steam
    Calculating Flash Steam
    Posted in: Engineering guides

    Flash steam is generated when hot condensate at a higher pressure is released to a lower pressure. The pressure reduction lowers the saturation temperature, and part of the heat contained in the condensate is converted into steam. This phenomenon commonly occurs downstream of steam traps, pressure reducing points, condensate return lines and flash vessels. Correct estimation of flash steam quantity is important for sizing condensate lines, flash vessels, vents and energy recovery systems.

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  • Content of Air in Steam Systems
    Content of Air in Steam Systems
    Posted in: Engineering guides

    The presence of air and other non-condensable gases in a steam system affects saturation temperature, heat transfer and equipment operation. Even a small percentage of air can cause a significant reduction in the actual steam temperature at the point of use. Correct air venting, removal of non-condensable gases and proper selection of steam traps and air vents are therefore important factors in the operation of industrial steam systems.

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  • Pressure Drop in Steam Lines
    Pressure Drop in Steam Lines
    Posted in: Engineering guides

    Pressure drop in a steam distribution network directly affects the available pressure at the point of use, as well as the operation of control valves, pressure reducing valves, steam traps and heat exchangers. For preliminary technical checks, pressure drop may be estimated using the steam density, flow velocity and the total resistance coefficient of the pipework and installed components.

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  • Recommended Flow Velocities for Steam, Water and Air Lines
    Recommended Flow Velocities for Steam, Water and Air Lines
    Posted in: Engineering guides

    The following values may be used as an indicative guide for preliminary checks of flow velocities in industrial steam, condensate, feedwater, cooling water and compressed air piping systems. Proper flow velocity selection affects pressure drop, noise, erosion, water hammer risk, condensate transport and the operation of valves, steam traps, pressure reducing valves and control equipment.

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  • Saturated Steam Table
    Saturated Steam Table
    Posted in: Engineering guides

    The following table presents basic thermodynamic properties of saturated steam as a function of absolute pressure. The data may be used as a technical reference for preliminary calculations and equipment selection in steam systems, including steam traps, control valves, pressure reducing valves, safety valves, condensate lines and heat exchange applications.

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  • IEC 60534 Control Valve Standard
    IEC 60534 Control Valve Standard
    Posted in: Technical Standards Library, IEC Standards

    IEC 60534 is the primary international standard governing control valves, including sizing methods, flow coefficients, performance characteristics, noise prediction and control valve evaluation procedures.

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  • ISO 5211 Valve and Actuator Mounting Interface Standard
    ISO 5211 Valve and Actuator Mounting Interface Standard
    Posted in: Technical Standards Library, ISO Standards

    ISO 5211 is the international standard defining mounting interfaces between quarter-turn industrial valves and actuators. The standard enables reliable installation of pneumatic, electric and hydraulic actuators on valves from different manufacturers without requiring custom adapters.

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  • ISO 5208 Industrial Valve Pressure Testing and Leakage Rate Classification
    ISO 5208 Industrial Valve Pressure Testing and Leakage Rate Classification
    Posted in: Technical Standards Library, ISO Standards

    ISO 5208 is the international standard defining pressure testing procedures, leakage rate classifications and acceptance criteria for industrial valves. The standard is widely used to verify pressure integrity and sealing performance before valves are placed into service.

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